Bagan
Bagan is an ancient city in Myanmar that was once the capital of the Kingdom of Pagan. The Bagan city, located in the central plains of the country, is home to more than 2,000 Buddhist temples and pagodas. Bagan was a major center of Theravada Buddhism in Myanmar and was a major pilgrimage site for Buddhists from all over Asia. The city declined in importance after the Kingdom of Pagan was conquered by the Mongols in 1287, but it remained an important center of Buddhist learning and culture. Bagan became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2019.
The History of Bagan
In this world, few places conjure up such a sense of awe and wonder as Bagan, Myanmar. The history of this place is truly unique, spanning over a thousand years and encompassing some of the most significant moments in Myanmar's history.
The first people to settle in the area were the Pyu, who arrived around 2,000 years ago. They established a series of city-states, the largest of which was Sri Ksetra.
During this time, Bagan became an important center of Theravada Buddhism, and many of the city's most iconic temples were built during this period. The Mranma kingdom fell to the Mongols in 1287, but they were eventually driven out by a rebellion led by one of Bagan's most famous kings, Anawratha.
Bagan continued to flourish under Anawratha's rule and became one of Southeast Asia's most prosperous kingdoms. However, its fortunes changed in 1297 when Kublai Khan invaded with a massive Mongol army. The kingdom fell after just a few months and was sacked by the invaders.
Despite this setback, Bagan slowly began to rebuild and soon regained its former glory. In the 16th century, the Portuguese explorer Marco Polo visited Bagan. Today, Bagan is once again an important center of Buddhism, and its ancient temples remain some of Myanmar's most popular tourist attractions.
The Temples of Bagan
The temples of Bagan are some of the most beautiful and unique in all of Myanmar. Over 2,000 temples and pagodas are scattered across the ancient city, many of which date back centuries. The temples come in all shapes and sizes, having distinct personalities.
Visiting the temples of Bagan is an unforgettable experience. Walking through the ancient ruins is like stepping back in time. The history and culture of Myanmar are evident in every temple, and the views of the surrounding countryside are stunning.
How to Visit Bagan
Bagan, Myanmar, is a place of unparalleled beauty. Listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Bagan is home to the world’s largest area of Buddhist temples, pagodas, stupas, and ruins. With over 2,000 religious monuments, Bagan is truly a unique and must-see destination.
The best time to visit Bagan is between October and February when the weather is cool and dry. However, December and January are peak tourist seasons, so accommodation and tour prices will be higher. March to May are the hottest months, with temperatures mostly reaching over 40 degrees Celsius. The wet season runs from June to September – while you can still visit Bagan during this time, expect some rain and humidity.
There are several ways to get to Bagan. The most popular (and quickest) option is to fly into Nyaung U Airport, which has direct flights from Yangon, Mandalay, and Heho (Inle Lake). You can also take an overnight bus or train from Yangon or Mandalay – just be prepared for a long journey. Once you are in Bagan, the easiest way to get around is by e-bike (electric scooter). You can rent these by the day or week from your accommodation or one of the rental shops in town.
In accommodation, there is something for every budget in Bagan. For more luxurious options, check out Ananda Temple View Hotel or Aureum Palace Hotel & Resort, and for more affordable options, try Bagan Lodge or Bawga Theiddhi Hotel.
Now that you have sorted your transportation and accommodation, it is time to explore Bagan. A great way to see the temple complex is by hot air balloon. You will float above the ancient ruins as the sun rises, providing views. Another popular activity is visiting a local lacquerware workshop. Here you can watch artisans create beautiful pieces of pottery using traditional methods.
What to See and Do in Bagan
Over 2,000 of these structures still survive today, and the area is a famous tourist attraction. The best way to explore Bagan is by bicycle. There are plenty of places to rent bicycles, and it is a great way to get around as you can stop at any temple or monument that catches your eye. There are also horse-drawn carriages and electric carts for hire if you do not fancy pedaling around in the heat.
A popular activity in Bagan is hot air ballooning. It is something not to be missed – floating above the ancient city at sunrise is an unforgettable experience! Another unique way to see Bagan is from a riverboat cruise on the Irrawaddy River. These typically depart from Mandalay and include stops at some villages along the riverbank and a few hours cruising through Bagan.
Of course, no trip to Bagan would be complete without seeing some of the temples up close. Some of the most popular include Ananda Temple, Shwezigon Paya, and Dhammayangyi Temple.
Conclusion
Bagan is a timeless wonder that anyone who has the opportunity to visit should take advantage of it. The unique history and breathtaking views of Bagan attract tourists.

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